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Field Evaluation of a Variable-rate Aerial Application System
D. E. Martin, C. Yang
USDA-ARS

Variable rate aerial application systems are becoming more readily available; however, aerial applicators typically only use the systems for constant rate application of materials, allowing the systems to compensate for upwind and downwind ground speed variations. Much of the resistance to variable rate application system adoption pertains to applicator’s trust in the systems to turn on and off automatically as desired.  If an application system operating in an automatic mode were to malfunction, the aerial applicator would be held liable for the misapplication. The objectives of this study were to evaluate a commercially available variable rate aerial application system under field conditions to demonstrate both the response and accuracy of the system to desired application rate inputs. This three year study involved planting oats, ryegrass and wheat in a 35 acre fallow field during the winter months to establish a uniform green backdrop by early spring. Binary prescription application maps were then generated and aerial applications of glyphosate were then made to this field using an Air Tractor 402B agricultural aircraft at 130 MPH with VeriRate variable rate aerial nozzles. Airborne multispectral imagery taken before and 14 days after the applications documented actual field deposition and efficacy of the glyphosate.  The aerial imaging system was comprised of two high resolution cameras.  One camera was outfitted with red, green, and blue filters while the other camera had been modified with a near-infrared filter. When compared to the prescription application map, these data provided application system response and accuracy information which showed that spray deposited,on average, within 20 feet of the target. The results of this study will be useful for quantifying and documenting the response and accuracy of a commercially available variable rate aerial application system so that aerial applicators can be more confident in their capabilities and the use of these systems can increase, taking advantage of all that variable-rate application technologies have to offer.

Keyword: Aerial Application, Precision Application, Remote Sensing, Variable-Rate Application