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Adoption Of N-application Rates In Different Broccoli Cultivars By Reflectance Measurements
1S. Graeff, 2J. Pfenning, 2W. Claupein
1. Universtity of Hohenheim
2. Universtiy of Hohenheim

 To date many sensors have been solely developed and tested for arable crops. This project aims to develop the means to rapidly map N-demand in broccoli plants on a site-specific, plant-by-plant basis using reflectance measurements. The aim of this specific study was to monitor nitrogen status in six different broccoli cultivars using reflectance measurements and to derive suitable N-fertilization strategies based on the sensor measurements.A field study was conducted with 6 different common broccoli cultivars and 4 different N fertilization treatments consisting of 0, 100, 200, and 400 kg N ha-1. The trial focused on different N fertilization treatments in order to determine the range of reflectance changes of the six cultivars under different nitrogen fertilization levels. Timing of N application was set to start of cultivation, i.e. after planting and after a four week growing period. Sensor measurements started two weeks after planting and were carried out once a week until final harvest of broccoli heads. Sensor measurements were carried out on the youngest fully developed leaf of each plant. Leaf scans were taken with a digital, light-sensitive (ISO 200–2400; spectral sensitivity of 250-1300 nm), high-spatial resolution (5140*5140 pixel) imager (S1 PRO, Leica, Germany). The investigation of the whole spectra (380-1300 nm) indicated that wavelength bands around 500-600 nm seem to be well suited for the identification of N status in broccoli. Further, the results showed that N-demand of the different cultivars depends on build up biomass and developmental rate of the plant, leading to a different N demand and a further necessary differentiation in timing of N application. Overall, reflectance measurements enabled to monitor and control N demand in broccoli and to adapt N fertilizer requirements during the growing season. By detailing this data to small areas within a field, through the application of spatial data, the data can be transformed into powerful management tools. This will enable growers to target their production and fertilizer input to market and quality related issues and to deliver broccoli with specific quality attributes.

Keyword: broccoli, N-application, reflectance measurements