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Effect of Irrigation Scheduling Technique and Fertility Level on Corn Yield and Nitrogen Movement
1M. Zamora, 1M. Dukes, 2D. Rowland
1. Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
2. Agronomy Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611

Florida has more first magnitude springs that anywhere in the world. Most of these are located in north Florida where agricultural production is the primary basis for the economy. Irrigated corn has become a popular part of the crop rotation in recent years. This project is a study of a corn and peanut rotation investigating Best Management Practices (BMPs) of nitrogen fertility level (336, 246, 157 kg/ha) and irrigation strategies as follows:  (i) GROW, mimicking grower’s practices, (ii) SWB, using a theoretical soil water balance, (iii) SMS, monitoring volumetric water content measured by soil moisture sensors and triggered using maximum allowable depletion (MAD) and field capacity (FC) as thresholds to refill the soil profile, (iv) Reduced: irrigation (60% of GROW) representing a low irrigation treatment and (v) NON: non-irrigated plots. The objectives were to determine the effect on yield of the various treatments as well as nitrogen movement through the profile based on bi-weekly soil samples. During 2015, yield was not significantly different across irrigated treatments; however, the non-irrigated treatment had significantly lower yield than all other treatments except SWB. Fertility rates 336 and 246 kg N/ha, or 246 and 157 kg N/ha were not significantly different; however, the 336 kg N/ha treatment was significantly higher than 157 kg N/ha. Irrigation and fertilizer were reduced without reducing yield by using BMPs compared to conventional practices during the first year of research. Movement of nitrogen through the vadose zone will be discussed.

Keyword: Corn, maize, Best Management Practice, Nitrogen, Leaching, Soil moisture sensor